Orthognathic Surgery risks & complications
An honest look at what can go wrong with orthognathic surgery, how often, and how to protect yourself.
Every procedure carries risk. Most complications from orthognathic surgery are uncommon, minor, and resolve with conservative management — but informed consent means understanding the full picture before you decide.
Documented risks for orthognathic surgery
Persistent numbness
Permanent in 5–15%; almost always in lower lip, chin, or cheek areas
Bite changes / non-union
Rare with rigid fixation
TMJ symptoms
Some patients develop or worsen — pre-op TMJ assessment is critical
Bleeding / blood-vessel injury
Major vessels nearby; rare but serious complications described
Relapse over years
5–10% in some studies; greater in surgically-shifted Class III mandibles
Tooth root injury
Adjacent to osteotomy lines; uncommon
How to reduce your personal risk
- Choose a board-certified, fellowship-trained surgeon.
- Stop nicotine in any form for at least 4 weeks pre/post-op.
- Disclose every medication and supplement to your surgical team.
- Follow pre-op fasting and post-op activity restrictions exactly.
- Keep follow-up appointments — early detection means easy fixes.
By the numbers
12–18 months
pre-op orthodontics typical
6–12 months
post-op orthodontics typical
5–15%
permanent numbness incidence
This page is general education, not medical advice. Risk estimates vary by patient factors, surgeon experience, and technique — discuss your specifics with a qualified surgeon.